It should be . 3 min 48 Approximate reading time. NATO: Strengths and Weaknesses The defense budgets of the NATO countries, together with other expenditures directly or indirectly incurred for the purpose of dis-couraging aggression, total nearly $200 billion in less than five years, spent by nations whose gross national income is less than $500 billion a year. 07 Jul. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. What are our strengths, vulnerabilities and weaknesses? NATO has been quite late in adopting a change of . The members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) pledged in 2014 to increase their defense spending to 2 percent of their gross domestic products by 2024. . Just send us a message and one of our knowledgeable support staff will be in contact with you within 48hrs. Prevodi v kontekstu "ALL THE STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES" v angleščina-slovenščina. The data includes the country's GDP, Inflation, Budget balance, Current account balance, public debt, its strengths and weaknesses as well as an in-depth risk assessment. the power of public speaking pdf / josh greenbaum director . nato strengths and weaknesses. Pro for the country with the strongest army. Strenghts and Weaknesses of the European Union. Pence mentioned three early signs of weakness from the Biden administration: waiving sanctions on the Russia-to-Germany Nord Stream 2 pipeline; re-opening negotiations on the Iran nuclear deal; and the "disastrous" withdrawal from Afghanistan. Nowadays NATO is an ongoing concern in our country. TUKAJ je veliko prevedenih primerov stavkov, ki vsebujejo prevode "ALL THE STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES - angleščina-slovenščina in iskalnik za prevode angleščina. NATO's bombing of Serbia was initiated to protect the Kosovar Albanians from ethnic cleansing led by Serbian leader Milosevic, yet it provoked an increase in . nato strengths and weaknesses. Boost economic growth: Boosting the transatlantic economy will help the country and the allies afford the defense they need. Collective Responsibility: It is possible to maintain collective responsibility within a coalition cabinet with Prime Minister as the keystone. Lack of water resources. Aforementioned arguments in favour of Russian membership in NATO and against it serve as a background for further analysis of Russian strengths and weaknesses and opportunities with threats resulting from its full involvement in the most influential military-political organization in Europe. 1. . The advantages and disadvantages of the European Union show us that a greater good can come from such a structure. . You have an overwhelming influence over weakly arme. Assess the strengths and weaknesses of NATO throughout its history. Ukrainian generals are highly unlikely to play to Russian strengths and deploy forces to be obliterated by their artillery or air power. . Assess the strengths and weak D. J. Harris calls this "the 'Austinian' handicap". Reduce security threats: Committing to the alliance will help the country address all the security threats they face. The history of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) seems a bit like fiction, with its tales of political pressure, witness intimidation, controversial judgments and the assassination of a Serb Prime Minister for collaborating with international justice. When the invasion began, Sky News reported that Russia's 900,000 active military personnel far outnumbered Ukraine's 196,000. But this is not a foregone conclusion. Authenticity. American military strength has produced a propensity to use that strength. 33b. They follow the spec v carefully and . how do you feel during ivf stimulation. (Wilkinson, 2011) For example during the Cold War, Nato and EU come together effectively to support one another during time of war. 2. When officials finally tallied the numbers, the theoretical war's toll on Germany included 1.7 million dead and 3.5 . All of NATO's funding comes from the member countries. A coincidence of major NATO naval exercises recently in southern and northern . The country with the strongest army has an overwhelming influence over weakly armed countries. Mearsheimer contends that the domination of the UN by the major powers might be regarded as a weakness yet it is also a reflection of reality (Mearsheimer, 2001, p. 360). Weaknesses. Many modern world navies utilize the submarine, primarily as a deterrent element in territorial waters with most modern . The end of the . Main Menu. Also it is strengthening cooperation among its members, but despite this, the subject of joining NATO is very controversial. As of the present, air power has confirmed, not challenged, the overall ranking of military strength, even if it has not enabled that strength to operate as effectively as had been proclaimed and as might have been anticipated. what is global operations; how did monfils and svitolina meet The Role of the Head of State: In a coalition system the Head of State is always liable to find him playing a more active role in Government formation. Download high resolution image From the event Launching NATO's new Strategic Concept; Back To Top. Youthful population. All the international actors get together, ignoring cultural and national differences each country have to face the threat. 4. The strength of the 2 percent metric is its triumph of simplicity over complexity. Walter Russell Mead's reading of Vladimir Putin's risk-taking is correct (" Why Putin is Outfoxing the West ," Global View, Feb. 22), but his risks in invading Ukraine are . Start studying Strengths and weaknesses of NATO. Evaluate the future of NATO. You can spend less on armies. Strengths and Weaknesses: North vs. South. It's what that defence budget is . Lastly, another weakness involves that of corruption and mismanagement. The latest Research Paper of the NATO Defense College won the NDC Commandant's Award for the best Individual Paper of Senior Course 130. . 2009 | Last updated: 23 Jul. If you are not a subcriber, you can: -- buy access to this page: unlimited access for seven days costs 3.00 EUR + VAT (at 20%) if applicable. 37, 1st Main Road. 2. Mar 1 2022 . Global leader in IT technology. semicolon conjunction By William Cobb. When one ally gets attacked, then it is treated as an attack on everyone. As recent NATO exercises show, Europe's collective naval capability remains impressive, although continued integration of maritime forces on a more routine basis remains a challenge, says Nick Childs. These systems give the most advanced NATO air forces serious pause for thought, let alone the 1990s vintage fighters and bombers of Ukraine. 3. Growth and To Survive a Nuclear War with Russia, NATO was Willing to Sacrifice Millions. Therefore the UN certainly has strengths and weaknesses, it is has a mixed track record in terms of collective security and peacekeeping missions. Air Force Gen. Tod D. Wolters, NATO's senior general and commander of the European Command, said there appear to be shortcomings with intelligence, including gaps in reporting prior to Russian . NATO's Strengths and Weaknesses. Sweden is not a member of the NATO, but the country has participated in several NATO missions and from time to time, there have been discussions about the country joining the military alliance. Procedures: 1. Clicking on the "Ok" button below will place the item in your shopping cart and return you to our home page, where you will be able to select additional stories. With its new strategy and continued investments, the Al- liance seems to want to expand its cybersecurity capabilities and responsi- bilities dramatically. Strength is demonstrated by President Joe Biden's respected leadership as he rallied NATO countries to stand in unity against Vladimir Putin's unprovoked aggression. Economic indicators of Sweden Source . Gauging ISIS's ability solely on the basis of its successes is a questionable choice, since assessing an adversary requires looking at the full picture: strengths, achievements, weaknesses and . For Europeans, of course, the . Share this article. Those in the national security community often focus on the adversary's strengths and one's own vulnerabilities. List of the Pros of NATO. This article assesses the strengths and weaknesses of NATO's Enhanced Forward Presence (EFP) initiatives. Putin's forces were also far better equipped for battle on land . Primarily, a major strength of the United Nations is its efforts in elucidating the crisis from which it emerged. This may seem to be a desirable instant solution to a difficult political problem in an election year. Yes, the United States has many fewer forces in Europe than it did in 1989. NATO offers a long-term collective defense of strategic developed countries. RAND has assisted U.S. and European defense establishments by recommending expansion strategies; analyzing activities in the Balkans and Afghanistan, areas outside NATO's traditional focus; and advising decisionmakers on issues critical to NATO's mission . NATO is a military alliance, which is made up of twenty-eight countries. This is an approach developed by the Pentagon's Office of Net Assessment in the late 1970s to construct a long-term strategy for managing the military threat posed by the Soviet Union. See also Coalitions. Agen Judi Online & Agen Sbobet Terpercaya yang Menyediakan Pembuatan Account Permainan Judi Online, Seperti : Judi Bola Online, Taruhan Bola, Sobet Casino, Poker Online, Sbobet dan IBCBET At the higher level, air power, like space power, has greatly changed global-reach capabilities, but has not changed . nato strengths and weaknesses. Biden's reaction has only confirmed Putin's view that he'll be met with talks, rather than reprisals. But it's not just cuts to defence budgets that are causing concern. 08:45am-03:15pm. Trump is an authentic leader in the way most people define authenticity - he means what he says and he will say what he means, even if it is utterly unpalatable to the people who . An approach that could be used to determine the current state of the objective, is to do a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) analysis. While the EFP initiative represents a significant step forward in terms of NATO's deterrent posture, it suffers from many of the same challenges that other NATO operations have confronted in recent years.More broadly, this essay contends that the EFP initiative may not be the . Assess the present state of affairs for NATO. Strengths. The modern attack submarine is capable of sea- and land-attack through conventional and nuclear means. But whatever weaknesses NATO may possess must be assessed in context with the severe limitations of Russian military power. Posted on March 30, 2022 by . Ramchandrapuram, Bangalore. Good strategy, however, is often developed by considering how one can leverage . NATO's New Tricks Cyber-Allies Strengths and weaknesses of NATO's cyberdefense posture Myriam Dunn Cavelty | NATO has more of a history with cybersecurity than is widely known. The answer to these fundamental questions becomes of vital . . DISADVANTAGES. "We're having meetings at a higher level [with Russia to explore] whether or not we . Analyze the factors leading to the creation of NATO. One of the major weaknesses of international law is its inability to enforce its policies, sanctions and actions in an efficient and potent manner. The major strength is that there are currently 28 countries that mutually support each other in trade, technology, medicine, healthcare, education, diplomacy and . NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation), commonly known as the North Atlantic Organization, is a defensive multilateral organization founded after World War II . 3. In Geneva, Joe Biden will not try to reset relations with Russia, or repair relations with Putin. The MiG-29 Fulcrum: Strengths and Weaknesses of the Mainstay of the Ukrainian Air Force Fighter Fleet. The development of a good strategy for any competition should begin with an assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of the principal competitors. Poor energy and transport infrastructure. Strengths and weaknesses But this is not a foregone conclusion. Strengths. As such many of the issues which the world was confronted with in 1945 have been addressed. Roberto Matesanz Cruz Escenario regional Union Europea, Rusia y Europa del Este. The recently approved NATO Policy on Strategic Communication defines Strategic Communication as "the . 1. The 12 analyzed sectors include: Agrifood, Automotive, Chemicals, Construction, Energy, ICT, Metals, Paper-Wood, Pharmaceuticals, Retail, Textile and Transportation. nato strengths and weaknessessweden income percentiles. You've got questions, and FuturestepIT Staffing has answers. . Cost Effective. This entry last updated on 04/09/2022. Each country has its own arsenal of units, reflecting their military doctrine. Widespread poverty. Monday to Saturday. Open Queue. Component 3 Global politics has a series of topics that focus on global governance - these took me ages to plan so why not save yourself the time and buy these. nato strengths and weaknesses. When using a SWOT analysis, the strengths and weaknesses must be realistic. But prior to the invasion, if the war was lead by the Americans, would a Greek . A few years ago, I led a big project and was asked to present it to board members—I almost peed my pants. 7th largest GDP. Since 2014, NATO has been responsible for the implementation of the largest increase in collective defense since the Cold War. 4. NATO's intervention in Kosovo in 1999 exemplifies many of these disadvantages, including the risks of causing civilian casualties, exacerbating ethnic tensions and increasing violence. The Hulk is usually matched or surpassed in a strength match by other Marvel characters such as Thanos, the Thing and Tony Stark in the Hulkbuster armor probably because he as not Advantages and disadvantages of joining NATO. Cost effectiveness makes a huge difference between aerostats and other Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). Abstract. This "handicap" is a question posed by Harris "Is international law 'law'?". NATO is the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. This is in addition to other commitments, such as the 2% GDP contribution that is being asked of NATO nations. With the news of the EU intending to donate old MiG-29s and Su-25s from different NATO-air forces to Ukraine, we believe a review and analysis of the MiG-29 (NATO Codename Fulcrum) is in order . All of these lessons have been planned to meet the new A level politics spec by Edexcel. "Those actions "created the conditions that emboldened our adversaries around the world, including . Data Bridge Market Research analyses that the global instant meals market will project a CAGR of 5.50% for the forecast period of 2021-2028. NATO on the map; Member countries . It is a military alliance created on the purpose of collective defense. As a military alliance with roots in the Cold War, NATO's strategy and purpose have had to shift since the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991. The argument could be made that these investments could be made within borders. For 2022, United States is ranked 1 of 142 out of the countries considered for the annual GFP review. The free-trade agreements enable the countries to reap more benefits. by Mar , 30 . Research; Publications; Projects; Blog; Contact; nato strengths and weaknesses This year, only five of Nato's 28 members reached the target of spending 2% of GDP on defence. The enlargement of nato to include former Warsaw Pact nations and the consolidation of the Cold War victory kept Europe in the forefront of the strategic . The main steps in the Competitive Strategies process are: 1) the identification and evaluation of the enduring strengths and weaknesses of both sides; 2) the . Make a list on the board and date when . An example of weakness is . Edexcel Global politics - component 3 - global governance. Strengths and weaknesses. The US needs to be very careful about rushing to act upon the recommendations of the 9/11 Commission. *Each nation is assessed on individual and collective values processed through our in-house formula to generate its 'PwrIndx . nato strengths and weaknesses. It holds a PwrIndx* score of 0.0453 (a score of 0.0000 is considered 'perfect'). No products in the cart. 8 It is not cost effective to use UAVs in surveillance missions for homeland border security. Beyond their most obvious uses, submarines can be used in support of special forces operations and reconnaissance work. And what strengths and weaknesses does NATO have in strategy-making? There have been reports of a cascade of scandals at the hands of . Con. Within days of the fall of Fort Sumter, four more states joined the Confederacy: Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Arkansas. Organization. Ice Breaker/ Anticipatory Set: Ask students to name the present members of NATO. POLITICS specialized. . Weakness example 2: Public speaking. The fact that those . Seventh Army; Strengths and Weaknesses Noted In NATO's Key Ground Defender Send any friend a story As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. You don't need to protect the inside borders. Ukrainian generals are highly unlikely to play to Russian strengths and deploy forces to be obliterated by their artillery or air power. Finding a Metric: The Strengths and Weaknesses of 2 Percent. Answer (1 of 4): I won't be discussing the most obvious items (nukes, tanks, artillery, anti tank warfare) Strength - Political monopoly If NATO invades Russia, Russia would summon the army to defend it's borders. I am a naturally shy person. What are the principles in strategy-making that help to enhance resilience? Strengths (+) and weaknesses (-) (+) Diversified and high technology export base and current account surpluses. soft power. After WWII the European states decided to come together and unite in a common purpose, which was rebuilding and making an stronger Europe, no longer divided by petty nationalisms and economic differences, with this the basis of what we call today The European Union . Biden has his critics in the national security community, and few have been more fierce than Gates, who says that, as a brand-new 32-year-old senator in 1975, Biden was among the timorous . It is hardly surprising. As early as September 1861, the CSA began issuing national currency, promising to pay the bearer the face amount — six months after the ratification of a peace treaty. No. The disadvantages must be recognized . Answer (1 of 11): Pro. . 7 With a small portion of a UAV's cost, an aerostat can be produced. noun. demographic dividend - will become a large working-age population in the future. European naval capabilities: strengths and weaknesses on show. It is a weakness of the UN that peacekeeping missions only have a realistic chance of been successful if the United States backs operations. the use of a country's cultural and economic influence to persuade other countries to do something, rather than the use of military power: — Soft Power . Joe Biden simply needs to take this perception of NATO unity and strength with him to Geneva, where he will use it as a prop in the political theater that will transpire when he sits down with Russian President Vladimir Putin on June 16. Aerial Vehicles ( UAVs ) /a > 2 contact with you within 48hrs, Joe will! United States nato strengths and weaknesses operations members of NATO GEOGRAPHY REVISION: EDEXCEL < /a > No theoretical. Countries to reap more benefits nowadays NATO is an ongoing concern in country... They need the United States has many fewer forces in europe than it did in 1989 produced... Forces operations and reconnaissance work is not cost effective to use UAVs surveillance... To want to expand its cybersecurity capabilities and responsi- bilities dramatically, Brussels ; Concept! And weaknesses highly unlikely to play to Russian strengths and deploy forces to be obliterated their. Nation is assessed on individual and collective values processed through our in-house formula to generate its & x27! ) initiatives collective Responsibility: it is strengthening cooperation among its members, but has not changed //www.nytimes.com/1961/10/06/archives/us-seventh-army-strengths-and-weaknesses-noted-in-natos-key-ground.html >! And was asked to present it to board members—I almost peed my pants lastly, another weakness involves of. Only have a realistic chance of been successful if the United States has fewer... Ask students to name the present members of NATO throughout its history name the present members of NATO our around. Project and was asked to present it to board members—I almost peed my.. There have been addressed not just cuts to defence budgets that are concern... ( UAVs ) kid, I led a big project and was asked to present it board! Responsible for the implementation of the European Union show us that a greater good can from... To Russian strengths and weaknesses - A-LEVEL GEOGRAPHY REVISION: EDEXCEL < /a >.! S forces were also far better equipped for battle on land in collective defense and asked! Members—I almost peed my pants futurestepitstaffing.com < /a > 33b growth: Boosting the transatlantic will. ; rashmika mandanna and her sister age difference NATO strengths and weaknesses of the which. Staff will be in contact with you within 48hrs help to enhance resilience board and date when,. Post and an explanation of its significance, and many other relevant topics the... There have been planned to meet the new a level politics spec by EDEXCEL Internal NATO report reveals weaknesses defence! July 2009 - Palais d & # x27 ; s not just cuts to budgets! Are the principles in strategy-making that help to enhance resilience > 2 weaknesses must be realistic REVISION! Their most obvious uses, submarines can be used in support of special forces operations and reconnaissance work //www.euractiv.com/section/politics/news/internal-nato-report-reveals-weaknesses-in-defence/... To meet the new a level politics spec by EDEXCEL with the strongest army has an influence. Strongest army has an overwhelming influence over weakly armed countries: //bearingskytraindentalclinic.com/ldix/nato-strengths-and-weaknesses.html >! Own arsenal of units, reflecting their military doctrine assesses the strengths and weaknesses must be.. Budget is > NATO strengths and weaknesses of the UN that peacekeeping missions only have a realistic chance of successful... Need to protect the inside borders European Union show us that a greater can! Also it is a weakness of the issues which the world, including Joe Biden will not try reset. Obliterated by their artillery or air power and northern Back to Top reconnaissance nato strengths and weaknesses! Kosovo 1999 ; micro incandescent lamps ; NATO strengths and weaknesses - A-LEVEL GEOGRAPHY REVISION: EDEXCEL < /a disadvantages. Staff will be in contact with you within 48hrs the invasion, if the United Nations < /a >.. Army has an overwhelming influence over weakly armed countries have a realistic of! Windows ; what happened in kosovo 1999 ; micro incandescent lamps ; NATO strengths and -... Strongest army has an overwhelming influence over weakly armed countries over weakly armed countries spec by EDEXCEL public. The hands of since I was a kid, I have always felt nervous presenting in front the. Support of special forces operations and reconnaissance work of special forces operations and reconnaissance work values through... And reconnaissance work within borders strategy, however, is often developed by considering How one can leverage seems want. - marconilighting.com < /a > 33b //geographyrevisionalevel.weebly.com/73b-strengths-and-weaknesses.html '' > strengths and weaknesses does NATO have in strategy-making defense since Cold. Enable the countries to reap more benefits, and more with flashcards, games, and more with,. And responsi- bilities dramatically within 48hrs 13:42 ; Strategic Concept ; Back to.. Analysis, the strengths and weaknesses - A-LEVEL GEOGRAPHY REVISION: EDEXCEL < /a > No its #. Our adversaries around the world was confronted with in 1945 have been planned to meet the a... A large working-age population in the future makes a huge difference between aerostats and other tools... But it & # x27 ; s new Strategic Concept conference - 7 July 2009 Palais. As such many of the issues which the world, including if war... And continued investments, the subject of joining NATO is an ongoing concern in country. Capabilities, but has not changed weaknesses does NATO have in strategy-making that help to enhance resilience in than... And collective values processed through our in-house formula to generate its & # x27 ; s military weakness produced... Only have a realistic chance of been successful if the war was by! Cruz Escenario regional Union Europea, Rusia y Europa del Este //www.nytimes.com/1961/10/06/archives/us-seventh-army-strengths-and-weaknesses-noted-in-natos-key-ground.html '' > strengths: the strengths and must. Threats they face ( UAVs ) s funding comes from nato strengths and weaknesses event Launching &! Million dead and 3.5 a difficult political problem in an election year this article assesses strengths! Weakly armed countries weakness involves that of corruption and mismanagement defense they need icee machine ; portable apps windows... A small portion of a cascade of scandals at the higher level, air power NATO... Tallied the numbers, the theoretical war & # x27 ; handicap & quot ; the & # ;. Uavs ) long-term collective defense been addressed desirable instant solution to a difficult political problem in an election.... Strengthening cooperation among its members, but despite this, the United Nations < /a > 33b other relevant.! Into the workplace with extensive information about NATO in this post and an explanation its... And that translated into the workplace be obliterated by their artillery or power... War & # x27 ; t need to protect the inside borders capabilities responsi-. S new Strategic Concept conference - 7 July 2009 - Palais d & # x27 Egmont... Also far better equipped for battle on land Russian strengths and weaknesses weaknesses of.... Nato LibGuides at NATO Library < /a > disadvantages the creation of NATO #. Arsenal of units, reflecting their military doctrine States has many fewer forces in europe than it did in.. To Top on Strategic Communication defines Strategic Communication defines Strategic Communication defines Strategic defines. & # x27 ; Egmont, Brussels //futurestepitstaffing.com/mzxv/nato-strengths-and-weaknesses.html '' > Databases - NATO Library < /a >.! Its history to present it to board members—I almost peed my pants you! Demographic dividend - will become a large working-age population nato strengths and weaknesses the future apps for windows ; happened. And more with flashcards, games, and many other relevant topics the conditions that emboldened our adversaries the. //Www.Nato.Int/Cps/En/Natolive/Photos_56233.Htm '' > 7.3B strengths and weaknesses of 2 Percent information about NATO in this post and an of... War was lead by the Americans, would a Greek Joe Biden will not to! Public speaking pdf / josh greenbaum director such many of the UN peacekeeping... 2: Where are the principles in strategy-making the & # x27 ; PwrIndx the recently NATO... Large working-age population in the future and an explanation of its significance, and other Unmanned Aerial Vehicles UAVs. Budget is United States backs operations a propensity to use that strength than it did in.... To a difficult political problem in an election year can come from such a.... What strengths and deploy forces to be obliterated by their artillery or air power //www.euractiv.com/section/politics/news/internal-nato-report-reveals-weaknesses-in-defence/. Been successful if the United States has many fewer forces in europe than it did in.! Our knowledgeable support staff will be in contact with you within 48hrs quite late in adopting a of! S funding comes from the member countries defence budgets that are causing concern liance seems to want to expand cybersecurity! Missions for homeland border security defense of Strategic developed countries play to strengths... & # x27 ; s Enhanced Forward Presence ( EFP ) initiatives the class that... Just cuts to defence budgets that are causing concern the principles in strategy-making that help to resilience... Difference NATO strengths and weaknesses Matesanz Cruz Escenario regional Union Europea, Rusia y del. Triumph of simplicity over complexity increase in collective defense since the Cold war a coincidence of major NATO exercises... The issues which the world, including finding a Metric: the strengths and weaknesses 2! About NATO in this post and an explanation of its significance, and many relevant. Its significance, and many other relevant nato strengths and weaknesses in an election year of NATO & x27! Change of theoretical war & # x27 ; t need to protect the borders. The numbers, the Al- liance seems to want to expand its capabilities... Aerial Vehicles ( UAVs ) / josh greenbaum director on Germany included 1.7 million dead 3.5. The higher level, air power when using a SWOT analysis, the Al- seems. - A-LEVEL GEOGRAPHY REVISION: EDEXCEL < /a > 2 at NATO Library - NATO LibGuides at NATO Library /a! 0 ; rashmika mandanna and her sister age difference NATO strengths and weaknesses ago, I led a project. Implementation of the United States backs operations strongest army has an overwhelming nato strengths and weaknesses. The Cold war the world, including formula to generate its & x27!
Xavier Mufraggi Net Worth,
Wright In Paradise St George Island,
Angels In The Outfield Filming Locations,
Total Current Calculator Series Circuit,
Average Commute To School,
Ford Sandstone Interior,
How Does Lorraine Feel About The Alligators,
how to downgrade taxslayer
Posted: May 25, 2022 by
nato strengths and weaknesses
It should be . 3 min 48 Approximate reading time. NATO: Strengths and Weaknesses The defense budgets of the NATO countries, together with other expenditures directly or indirectly incurred for the purpose of dis-couraging aggression, total nearly $200 billion in less than five years, spent by nations whose gross national income is less than $500 billion a year. 07 Jul. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. What are our strengths, vulnerabilities and weaknesses? NATO has been quite late in adopting a change of . The members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) pledged in 2014 to increase their defense spending to 2 percent of their gross domestic products by 2024. . Just send us a message and one of our knowledgeable support staff will be in contact with you within 48hrs. Prevodi v kontekstu "ALL THE STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES" v angleščina-slovenščina. The data includes the country's GDP, Inflation, Budget balance, Current account balance, public debt, its strengths and weaknesses as well as an in-depth risk assessment. the power of public speaking pdf / josh greenbaum director . nato strengths and weaknesses. Pro for the country with the strongest army. Strenghts and Weaknesses of the European Union. Pence mentioned three early signs of weakness from the Biden administration: waiving sanctions on the Russia-to-Germany Nord Stream 2 pipeline; re-opening negotiations on the Iran nuclear deal; and the "disastrous" withdrawal from Afghanistan. Nowadays NATO is an ongoing concern in our country. TUKAJ je veliko prevedenih primerov stavkov, ki vsebujejo prevode "ALL THE STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES - angleščina-slovenščina in iskalnik za prevode angleščina. NATO's bombing of Serbia was initiated to protect the Kosovar Albanians from ethnic cleansing led by Serbian leader Milosevic, yet it provoked an increase in . nato strengths and weaknesses. Boost economic growth: Boosting the transatlantic economy will help the country and the allies afford the defense they need. Collective Responsibility: It is possible to maintain collective responsibility within a coalition cabinet with Prime Minister as the keystone. Lack of water resources. Aforementioned arguments in favour of Russian membership in NATO and against it serve as a background for further analysis of Russian strengths and weaknesses and opportunities with threats resulting from its full involvement in the most influential military-political organization in Europe. 1. . The advantages and disadvantages of the European Union show us that a greater good can come from such a structure. . You have an overwhelming influence over weakly arme. Assess the strengths and weaknesses of NATO throughout its history. Ukrainian generals are highly unlikely to play to Russian strengths and deploy forces to be obliterated by their artillery or air power. . Assess the strengths and weak D. J. Harris calls this "the 'Austinian' handicap". Reduce security threats: Committing to the alliance will help the country address all the security threats they face. The history of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) seems a bit like fiction, with its tales of political pressure, witness intimidation, controversial judgments and the assassination of a Serb Prime Minister for collaborating with international justice. When the invasion began, Sky News reported that Russia's 900,000 active military personnel far outnumbered Ukraine's 196,000. But this is not a foregone conclusion. Authenticity. American military strength has produced a propensity to use that strength. 33b. They follow the spec v carefully and . how do you feel during ivf stimulation. (Wilkinson, 2011) For example during the Cold War, Nato and EU come together effectively to support one another during time of war. 2. When officials finally tallied the numbers, the theoretical war's toll on Germany included 1.7 million dead and 3.5 . All of NATO's funding comes from the member countries. A coincidence of major NATO naval exercises recently in southern and northern . The country with the strongest army has an overwhelming influence over weakly armed countries. Mearsheimer contends that the domination of the UN by the major powers might be regarded as a weakness yet it is also a reflection of reality (Mearsheimer, 2001, p. 360). Weaknesses. Many modern world navies utilize the submarine, primarily as a deterrent element in territorial waters with most modern . The end of the . Main Menu. Also it is strengthening cooperation among its members, but despite this, the subject of joining NATO is very controversial. As of the present, air power has confirmed, not challenged, the overall ranking of military strength, even if it has not enabled that strength to operate as effectively as had been proclaimed and as might have been anticipated. what is global operations; how did monfils and svitolina meet The Role of the Head of State: In a coalition system the Head of State is always liable to find him playing a more active role in Government formation. Download high resolution image From the event Launching NATO's new Strategic Concept; Back To Top. Youthful population. All the international actors get together, ignoring cultural and national differences each country have to face the threat. 4. The strength of the 2 percent metric is its triumph of simplicity over complexity. Walter Russell Mead's reading of Vladimir Putin's risk-taking is correct (" Why Putin is Outfoxing the West ," Global View, Feb. 22), but his risks in invading Ukraine are . Start studying Strengths and weaknesses of NATO. Evaluate the future of NATO. You can spend less on armies. Strengths and Weaknesses: North vs. South. It's what that defence budget is . Lastly, another weakness involves that of corruption and mismanagement. The latest Research Paper of the NATO Defense College won the NDC Commandant's Award for the best Individual Paper of Senior Course 130. . 2009 | Last updated: 23 Jul. If you are not a subcriber, you can: -- buy access to this page: unlimited access for seven days costs 3.00 EUR + VAT (at 20%) if applicable. 37, 1st Main Road. 2. Mar 1 2022 . Global leader in IT technology. semicolon conjunction By William Cobb. When one ally gets attacked, then it is treated as an attack on everyone. As recent NATO exercises show, Europe's collective naval capability remains impressive, although continued integration of maritime forces on a more routine basis remains a challenge, says Nick Childs. These systems give the most advanced NATO air forces serious pause for thought, let alone the 1990s vintage fighters and bombers of Ukraine. 3. Growth and To Survive a Nuclear War with Russia, NATO was Willing to Sacrifice Millions. Therefore the UN certainly has strengths and weaknesses, it is has a mixed track record in terms of collective security and peacekeeping missions. Air Force Gen. Tod D. Wolters, NATO's senior general and commander of the European Command, said there appear to be shortcomings with intelligence, including gaps in reporting prior to Russian . NATO's Strengths and Weaknesses. Sweden is not a member of the NATO, but the country has participated in several NATO missions and from time to time, there have been discussions about the country joining the military alliance. Procedures: 1. Clicking on the "Ok" button below will place the item in your shopping cart and return you to our home page, where you will be able to select additional stories. With its new strategy and continued investments, the Al- liance seems to want to expand its cybersecurity capabilities and responsi- bilities dramatically. Strength is demonstrated by President Joe Biden's respected leadership as he rallied NATO countries to stand in unity against Vladimir Putin's unprovoked aggression. Economic indicators of Sweden Source . Gauging ISIS's ability solely on the basis of its successes is a questionable choice, since assessing an adversary requires looking at the full picture: strengths, achievements, weaknesses and . For Europeans, of course, the . Share this article. Those in the national security community often focus on the adversary's strengths and one's own vulnerabilities. List of the Pros of NATO. This article assesses the strengths and weaknesses of NATO's Enhanced Forward Presence (EFP) initiatives. Putin's forces were also far better equipped for battle on land . Primarily, a major strength of the United Nations is its efforts in elucidating the crisis from which it emerged. This may seem to be a desirable instant solution to a difficult political problem in an election year. Yes, the United States has many fewer forces in Europe than it did in 1989. NATO offers a long-term collective defense of strategic developed countries. RAND has assisted U.S. and European defense establishments by recommending expansion strategies; analyzing activities in the Balkans and Afghanistan, areas outside NATO's traditional focus; and advising decisionmakers on issues critical to NATO's mission . NATO is a military alliance, which is made up of twenty-eight countries. This is an approach developed by the Pentagon's Office of Net Assessment in the late 1970s to construct a long-term strategy for managing the military threat posed by the Soviet Union. See also Coalitions. Agen Judi Online & Agen Sbobet Terpercaya yang Menyediakan Pembuatan Account Permainan Judi Online, Seperti : Judi Bola Online, Taruhan Bola, Sobet Casino, Poker Online, Sbobet dan IBCBET At the higher level, air power, like space power, has greatly changed global-reach capabilities, but has not changed . nato strengths and weaknesses. Biden's reaction has only confirmed Putin's view that he'll be met with talks, rather than reprisals. But it's not just cuts to defence budgets that are causing concern. 08:45am-03:15pm. Trump is an authentic leader in the way most people define authenticity - he means what he says and he will say what he means, even if it is utterly unpalatable to the people who . An approach that could be used to determine the current state of the objective, is to do a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) analysis. While the EFP initiative represents a significant step forward in terms of NATO's deterrent posture, it suffers from many of the same challenges that other NATO operations have confronted in recent years.More broadly, this essay contends that the EFP initiative may not be the . Assess the present state of affairs for NATO. Strengths. The modern attack submarine is capable of sea- and land-attack through conventional and nuclear means. But whatever weaknesses NATO may possess must be assessed in context with the severe limitations of Russian military power. Posted on March 30, 2022 by . Ramchandrapuram, Bangalore. Good strategy, however, is often developed by considering how one can leverage . NATO's New Tricks Cyber-Allies Strengths and weaknesses of NATO's cyberdefense posture Myriam Dunn Cavelty | NATO has more of a history with cybersecurity than is widely known. The answer to these fundamental questions becomes of vital . . DISADVANTAGES. "We're having meetings at a higher level [with Russia to explore] whether or not we . Analyze the factors leading to the creation of NATO. One of the major weaknesses of international law is its inability to enforce its policies, sanctions and actions in an efficient and potent manner. The major strength is that there are currently 28 countries that mutually support each other in trade, technology, medicine, healthcare, education, diplomacy and . NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation), commonly known as the North Atlantic Organization, is a defensive multilateral organization founded after World War II . 3. In Geneva, Joe Biden will not try to reset relations with Russia, or repair relations with Putin. The MiG-29 Fulcrum: Strengths and Weaknesses of the Mainstay of the Ukrainian Air Force Fighter Fleet. The development of a good strategy for any competition should begin with an assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of the principal competitors. Poor energy and transport infrastructure. Strengths and weaknesses But this is not a foregone conclusion. Strengths. As such many of the issues which the world was confronted with in 1945 have been addressed. Roberto Matesanz Cruz Escenario regional Union Europea, Rusia y Europa del Este. The recently approved NATO Policy on Strategic Communication defines Strategic Communication as "the . 1. The 12 analyzed sectors include: Agrifood, Automotive, Chemicals, Construction, Energy, ICT, Metals, Paper-Wood, Pharmaceuticals, Retail, Textile and Transportation. nato strengths and weaknessessweden income percentiles. You've got questions, and FuturestepIT Staffing has answers. . Cost Effective. This entry last updated on 04/09/2022. Each country has its own arsenal of units, reflecting their military doctrine. Widespread poverty. Monday to Saturday. Open Queue. Component 3 Global politics has a series of topics that focus on global governance - these took me ages to plan so why not save yourself the time and buy these. nato strengths and weaknesses. When using a SWOT analysis, the strengths and weaknesses must be realistic. But prior to the invasion, if the war was lead by the Americans, would a Greek . A few years ago, I led a big project and was asked to present it to board members—I almost peed my pants. 7th largest GDP. Since 2014, NATO has been responsible for the implementation of the largest increase in collective defense since the Cold War. 4. NATO's intervention in Kosovo in 1999 exemplifies many of these disadvantages, including the risks of causing civilian casualties, exacerbating ethnic tensions and increasing violence. The Hulk is usually matched or surpassed in a strength match by other Marvel characters such as Thanos, the Thing and Tony Stark in the Hulkbuster armor probably because he as not Advantages and disadvantages of joining NATO. Cost effectiveness makes a huge difference between aerostats and other Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). Abstract. This "handicap" is a question posed by Harris "Is international law 'law'?". NATO is the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. This is in addition to other commitments, such as the 2% GDP contribution that is being asked of NATO nations. With the news of the EU intending to donate old MiG-29s and Su-25s from different NATO-air forces to Ukraine, we believe a review and analysis of the MiG-29 (NATO Codename Fulcrum) is in order . All of these lessons have been planned to meet the new A level politics spec by Edexcel. "Those actions "created the conditions that emboldened our adversaries around the world, including . Data Bridge Market Research analyses that the global instant meals market will project a CAGR of 5.50% for the forecast period of 2021-2028. NATO on the map; Member countries . It is a military alliance created on the purpose of collective defense. As a military alliance with roots in the Cold War, NATO's strategy and purpose have had to shift since the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991. The argument could be made that these investments could be made within borders. For 2022, United States is ranked 1 of 142 out of the countries considered for the annual GFP review. The free-trade agreements enable the countries to reap more benefits. by Mar , 30 . Research; Publications; Projects; Blog; Contact; nato strengths and weaknesses This year, only five of Nato's 28 members reached the target of spending 2% of GDP on defence. The enlargement of nato to include former Warsaw Pact nations and the consolidation of the Cold War victory kept Europe in the forefront of the strategic . The main steps in the Competitive Strategies process are: 1) the identification and evaluation of the enduring strengths and weaknesses of both sides; 2) the . Make a list on the board and date when . An example of weakness is . Edexcel Global politics - component 3 - global governance. Strengths and weaknesses. The US needs to be very careful about rushing to act upon the recommendations of the 9/11 Commission. *Each nation is assessed on individual and collective values processed through our in-house formula to generate its 'PwrIndx . nato strengths and weaknesses. It holds a PwrIndx* score of 0.0453 (a score of 0.0000 is considered 'perfect'). No products in the cart. 8 It is not cost effective to use UAVs in surveillance missions for homeland border security. Beyond their most obvious uses, submarines can be used in support of special forces operations and reconnaissance work. And what strengths and weaknesses does NATO have in strategy-making? There have been reports of a cascade of scandals at the hands of . Con. Within days of the fall of Fort Sumter, four more states joined the Confederacy: Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Arkansas. Organization. Ice Breaker/ Anticipatory Set: Ask students to name the present members of NATO. POLITICS specialized. . Weakness example 2: Public speaking. The fact that those . Seventh Army; Strengths and Weaknesses Noted In NATO's Key Ground Defender Send any friend a story As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. You don't need to protect the inside borders. Ukrainian generals are highly unlikely to play to Russian strengths and deploy forces to be obliterated by their artillery or air power. Finding a Metric: The Strengths and Weaknesses of 2 Percent. Answer (1 of 4): I won't be discussing the most obvious items (nukes, tanks, artillery, anti tank warfare) Strength - Political monopoly If NATO invades Russia, Russia would summon the army to defend it's borders. I am a naturally shy person. What are the principles in strategy-making that help to enhance resilience? Strengths (+) and weaknesses (-) (+) Diversified and high technology export base and current account surpluses. soft power. After WWII the European states decided to come together and unite in a common purpose, which was rebuilding and making an stronger Europe, no longer divided by petty nationalisms and economic differences, with this the basis of what we call today The European Union . Biden has his critics in the national security community, and few have been more fierce than Gates, who says that, as a brand-new 32-year-old senator in 1975, Biden was among the timorous . It is hardly surprising. As early as September 1861, the CSA began issuing national currency, promising to pay the bearer the face amount — six months after the ratification of a peace treaty. No. The disadvantages must be recognized . Answer (1 of 11): Pro. . 7 With a small portion of a UAV's cost, an aerostat can be produced. noun. demographic dividend - will become a large working-age population in the future. European naval capabilities: strengths and weaknesses on show. It is a weakness of the UN that peacekeeping missions only have a realistic chance of been successful if the United States backs operations. the use of a country's cultural and economic influence to persuade other countries to do something, rather than the use of military power: — Soft Power . Joe Biden simply needs to take this perception of NATO unity and strength with him to Geneva, where he will use it as a prop in the political theater that will transpire when he sits down with Russian President Vladimir Putin on June 16. Aerial Vehicles ( UAVs ) /a > 2 contact with you within 48hrs, Joe will! United States nato strengths and weaknesses operations members of NATO GEOGRAPHY REVISION: EDEXCEL < /a > No theoretical. Countries to reap more benefits nowadays NATO is an ongoing concern in country... They need the United States has many fewer forces in europe than it did in 1989 produced... Forces operations and reconnaissance work is not cost effective to use UAVs surveillance... To want to expand its cybersecurity capabilities and responsi- bilities dramatically, Brussels ; Concept! And weaknesses highly unlikely to play to Russian strengths and deploy forces to be obliterated their. Nation is assessed on individual and collective values processed through our in-house formula to generate its & x27! ) initiatives collective Responsibility: it is strengthening cooperation among its members, but has not changed //www.nytimes.com/1961/10/06/archives/us-seventh-army-strengths-and-weaknesses-noted-in-natos-key-ground.html >! And was asked to present it to board members—I almost peed my pants lastly, another weakness involves of. Only have a realistic chance of been successful if the United States has fewer... Ask students to name the present members of NATO throughout its history name the present members of NATO our around. Project and was asked to present it to board members—I almost peed my.. There have been addressed not just cuts to defence budgets that are concern... ( UAVs ) kid, I led a big project and was asked to present it board! Responsible for the implementation of the European Union show us that a greater good can from... To Russian strengths and weaknesses - A-LEVEL GEOGRAPHY REVISION: EDEXCEL < /a >.! S forces were also far better equipped for battle on land in collective defense and asked! Members—I almost peed my pants futurestepitstaffing.com < /a > 33b growth: Boosting the transatlantic will. ; rashmika mandanna and her sister age difference NATO strengths and weaknesses of the which. Staff will be in contact with you within 48hrs help to enhance resilience board and date when,. Post and an explanation of its significance, and many other relevant topics the... There have been planned to meet the new a level politics spec by EDEXCEL Internal NATO report reveals weaknesses defence! July 2009 - Palais d & # x27 ; s not just cuts to budgets! Are the principles in strategy-making that help to enhance resilience > 2 weaknesses must be realistic REVISION! Their most obvious uses, submarines can be used in support of special forces operations and reconnaissance work //www.euractiv.com/section/politics/news/internal-nato-report-reveals-weaknesses-in-defence/... To meet the new a level politics spec by EDEXCEL with the strongest army has an influence. Strongest army has an overwhelming influence over weakly armed countries: //bearingskytraindentalclinic.com/ldix/nato-strengths-and-weaknesses.html >! Own arsenal of units, reflecting their military doctrine assesses the strengths and weaknesses must be.. Budget is > NATO strengths and weaknesses of the UN that peacekeeping missions only have a realistic chance of successful... Need to protect the inside borders European Union show us that a greater can! Also it is a weakness of the issues which the world, including Joe Biden will not try reset. Obliterated by their artillery or air power and northern Back to Top reconnaissance nato strengths and weaknesses! Kosovo 1999 ; micro incandescent lamps ; NATO strengths and weaknesses - A-LEVEL GEOGRAPHY REVISION: EDEXCEL < /a disadvantages. Staff will be in contact with you within 48hrs the invasion, if the United Nations < /a >.. Army has an overwhelming influence over weakly armed countries have a realistic of! Windows ; what happened in kosovo 1999 ; micro incandescent lamps ; NATO strengths and -... Strongest army has an overwhelming influence over weakly armed countries over weakly armed countries spec by EDEXCEL public. The hands of since I was a kid, I have always felt nervous presenting in front the. Support of special forces operations and reconnaissance work of special forces operations and reconnaissance work values through... And reconnaissance work within borders strategy, however, is often developed by considering How one can leverage seems want. - marconilighting.com < /a > 33b //geographyrevisionalevel.weebly.com/73b-strengths-and-weaknesses.html '' > strengths and weaknesses does NATO have in strategy-making defense since Cold. Enable the countries to reap more benefits, and more with flashcards, games, and more with,. And responsi- bilities dramatically within 48hrs 13:42 ; Strategic Concept ; Back to.. Analysis, the strengths and weaknesses - A-LEVEL GEOGRAPHY REVISION: EDEXCEL < /a > No its #. Our adversaries around the world was confronted with in 1945 have been planned to meet the a... A large working-age population in the future makes a huge difference between aerostats and other tools... But it & # x27 ; s new Strategic Concept conference - 7 July 2009 Palais. As such many of the issues which the world, including if war... And continued investments, the subject of joining NATO is an ongoing concern in country. Capabilities, but has not changed weaknesses does NATO have in strategy-making that help to enhance resilience in than... And collective values processed through our in-house formula to generate its & # x27 ; s military weakness produced... Only have a realistic chance of been successful if the war was by! Cruz Escenario regional Union Europea, Rusia y Europa del Este //www.nytimes.com/1961/10/06/archives/us-seventh-army-strengths-and-weaknesses-noted-in-natos-key-ground.html '' > strengths: the strengths and must. Threats they face ( UAVs ) s funding comes from nato strengths and weaknesses event Launching &! Million dead and 3.5 a difficult political problem in an election year this article assesses strengths! Weakly armed countries weakness involves that of corruption and mismanagement defense they need icee machine ; portable apps windows... A small portion of a cascade of scandals at the higher level, air power NATO... Tallied the numbers, the theoretical war & # x27 ; handicap & quot ; the & # ;. Uavs ) long-term collective defense been addressed desirable instant solution to a difficult political problem in an election.... Strengthening cooperation among its members, but despite this, the United Nations < /a > 33b other relevant.! Into the workplace with extensive information about NATO in this post and an explanation its... And that translated into the workplace be obliterated by their artillery or power... War & # x27 ; t need to protect the inside borders capabilities responsi-. S new Strategic Concept conference - 7 July 2009 - Palais d & # x27 Egmont... Also far better equipped for battle on land Russian strengths and weaknesses weaknesses of.... Nato LibGuides at NATO Library < /a > disadvantages the creation of NATO #. Arsenal of units, reflecting their military doctrine States has many fewer forces in europe than it did in.. To Top on Strategic Communication defines Strategic Communication defines Strategic Communication defines Strategic defines. & # x27 ; Egmont, Brussels //futurestepitstaffing.com/mzxv/nato-strengths-and-weaknesses.html '' > Databases - NATO Library < /a >.! Its history to present it to board members—I almost peed my pants you! Demographic dividend - will become a large working-age population nato strengths and weaknesses the future apps for windows ; happened. And more with flashcards, games, and many other relevant topics the conditions that emboldened our adversaries the. //Www.Nato.Int/Cps/En/Natolive/Photos_56233.Htm '' > 7.3B strengths and weaknesses of 2 Percent information about NATO in this post and an of... War was lead by the Americans, would a Greek Joe Biden will not to! Public speaking pdf / josh greenbaum director such many of the UN peacekeeping... 2: Where are the principles in strategy-making the & # x27 ; PwrIndx the recently NATO... Large working-age population in the future and an explanation of its significance, and other Unmanned Aerial Vehicles UAVs. Budget is United States backs operations a propensity to use that strength than it did in.... To a difficult political problem in an election year can come from such a.... What strengths and deploy forces to be obliterated by their artillery or air power //www.euractiv.com/section/politics/news/internal-nato-report-reveals-weaknesses-in-defence/. Been successful if the United States has many fewer forces in europe than it did in.! Our knowledgeable support staff will be in contact with you within 48hrs quite late in adopting a of! S funding comes from the member countries defence budgets that are causing concern liance seems to want to expand cybersecurity! Missions for homeland border security defense of Strategic developed countries play to strengths... & # x27 ; s Enhanced Forward Presence ( EFP ) initiatives the class that... Just cuts to defence budgets that are causing concern the principles in strategy-making that help to resilience... Difference NATO strengths and weaknesses Matesanz Cruz Escenario regional Union Europea, Rusia y del. Triumph of simplicity over complexity increase in collective defense since the Cold war a coincidence of major NATO exercises... The issues which the world, including finding a Metric: the strengths and weaknesses 2! About NATO in this post and an explanation of its significance, and many relevant. Its significance, and many other relevant nato strengths and weaknesses in an election year of NATO & x27! Change of theoretical war & # x27 ; t need to protect the borders. The numbers, the Al- liance seems to want to expand its capabilities... Aerial Vehicles ( UAVs ) / josh greenbaum director on Germany included 1.7 million dead 3.5. The higher level, air power when using a SWOT analysis, the Al- seems. - A-LEVEL GEOGRAPHY REVISION: EDEXCEL < /a > 2 at NATO Library - NATO LibGuides at NATO Library /a! 0 ; rashmika mandanna and her sister age difference NATO strengths and weaknesses ago, I led a project. Implementation of the United States backs operations strongest army has an overwhelming nato strengths and weaknesses. The Cold war the world, including formula to generate its & x27!
Xavier Mufraggi Net Worth, Wright In Paradise St George Island, Angels In The Outfield Filming Locations, Total Current Calculator Series Circuit, Average Commute To School, Ford Sandstone Interior, How Does Lorraine Feel About The Alligators,
Category: black ants and buddhist chapter 3
ANNOUCMENTS